Practice bulletin Neural tube defects. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Office of Dietary Supplements. Nutrition in Pregnancy. Join now to personalize. Photo credit: iStock. What are prenatal vitamins? Benefits of prenatal vitamins Prenatal vitamin ingredients - what to look for? What other nutrients should I look for in a prenatal supplement? When should I start taking prenatal vitamins? Choosing a prenatal vitamin - what's right for me?
What if I mistakenly take two prenatal vitamins on the same day? What if I have trouble swallowing the pills? Do prenatal vitamins have side effects? Benefits of prenatal vitamins Most women can benefit from taking a prenatal vitamin and mineral supplement preferably before trying to conceive. This includes women who: Are vegetarians or vegans Are lactose intolerant or have other food intolerances Smoke or abuse other substances Have certain blood disorders Have an eating disorder Have certain chronic diseases Have had gastric bypass surgery Are having twins or higher multiples.
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Darienne Hosley Stewart. Featured video. Choline during pregnancy. Best prenatal vitamins. Folic acid for pregnancy. Heartburn acid reflux during pregnancy. Prenatal visits: What to expect and how to prepare. Is it safe to take fish oil or other omega-3 supplements during pregnancy?
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Please try again. Something went wrong on our side, please try again. Show references Garner CD, et al. Nutrition in pregnancy. Accessed Jan. Preconception care.
Mayo Clinic; National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. Frequently asked questions. Pregnancy FAQ Nutrition during pregnancy. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Gabbe SG, et al. Nutrition during pregnancy. In: Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. Elsevier; Butler Tobah YS expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. April 10, See also Air travel during pregnancy Allergy medications during pregnancy Ankle swelling during pregnancy Antibiotics and pregnancy Aspirin during pregnancy Baby brain Pregnancy back pain Breast-feeding while pregnant Childbirth classes Couvade syndrome Dental work during pregnancy Thinking about exercise during pregnancy?
Falling during pregnancy: Reason to worry? Flu and pregnancy Flu shot in pregnancy Hair dye and pregnancy Headaches during pregnancy: What's the best treatment? Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy: Prevention tips Kratom and pregnancy: Not a safe mix Leg cramps during pregnancy Marijuana during pregnancy: What's the harm? Find out more about the Healthy Start scheme.
Folic acid can help prevent birth defects known as neural tube defects, including spina bifida. If you did not take folic acid before you conceived, you should start as soon as you find out you're pregnant. Try to eat green leafy vegetables which contain folate the natural form of folic acid and breakfast cereals and fat spreads with folic acid added to them. It's difficult to get the amount of folate recommended for a healthy pregnancy from food alone, which is why it's important to take a folic acid supplement.
If you have a higher chance of your pregnancy being affected by neural tube defects, you will be advised to take a higher dose of folic acid 5 milligrams. If any of this applies to you, talk to a GP. They can prescribe a higher dose of folic acid. A GP or midwife may also recommend additional screening tests during your pregnancy. Find out about epilepsy and pregnancy. You need 10 micrograms of vitamin D each day and should consider taking a supplement containing this amount between September and March.
Vitamin D regulates the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body, which are needed to keep bones, teeth and muscles healthy. It's not known exactly how much time is needed in the sun to make enough vitamin D to meet the body's needs, but if you're in the sun take care to cover up or protect your skin with sunscreen before you start to turn red or burn. Vitamin D is added to some breakfast cereals, fat spreads and non-dairy milk alternatives. The amounts added to these products can vary and might only be small.
Because vitamin D is only found in a small number of foods, whether naturally or added, it is difficult to get enough from foods alone. Do not take more than micrograms 4, IU of vitamin D a day as it could be harmful. You can get vitamin supplements containing vitamin D free of charge if you're pregnant or breastfeeding and qualify for the Healthy Start scheme.
If you're still spending more time indoors than usual this spring and summer, you should take 10 micrograms IU of vitamin D a day to keep your bones and muscles healthy. But there is currently not enough evidence to support taking vitamin D solely to prevent or treat coronavirus.
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